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We employed bibliometrics to comprehensively study the hotspots and frontiers of gut microbiota research involving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), aiming to provide new ideas for the subsequent research in this field. The studies of gut microbiota with TCM published from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2021 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Web of Science(WoS). After data screening and cleaning, CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to visualize and analyze the authors, journals, and keywords. A total of 1 119 Chinese articles and 815 English articles were included in the study. The period of 2019-2021 witnessed the surge in the number of articles published in this field, being the peak research period. TAN Zhou-jin and DUAN Jin-ao were the authors publishing the most articles in Chinese and English, respectively. The two authors ranked top in both Chinese and English articles, playing a central role in this research field. The top five Chinese and English journals in this field had a large influence in the international research field. High-frequency keywords and keyword clustering showed that the research hotspots in this field were concentrated in four areas: trial and clinical research on the regulation of gut microbiota in disease treatment by TCM, metabolic transformation of Chinese medicines by gut microbiota, and the effect of TCM added to feed on the gut microbiota and growth performance of animals. The study of gut microbiota structure in patients with different TCM syndromes, as well as that of TCM combined with probiotics/flora transplantation in the treatment of diseases, can provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and traditional drug treatment of diseases and has great research space and research value in the future.
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Animals , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Publications , BibliometricsABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the clinical research of Guo's Liulian therapy in treating acute pancreatitis intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction and provide reference for the patients with acute pancreatitis.@*Methods@#The 68 patients with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to May 2018 were selected as study subjects. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 34 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine. The patients in the observation group were treated with Guo's Liulian therapy on the basis of the above treatment. The time of intestinal paralysis was compared between the two groups. The changes of intestinal mucosal barrier function and serum inflammatory factor related indexes before and after treatment were analyzed in the two groups. The difference of therapeutic effects between the two groups was observed.@*Results@#In the observation group, the abdominal pain relief time, abdominal distention relief time, bowel sound recovery time, and first bowel anus defecation time were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=7.621, 5.332 6.625, 8.762, all Ps<0.01). After treatment, serum LPS, DAO, ET, D-lactic acid, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 and urine L/M were significantly lower in the observation group, while the serum ITF and MFG-E8 were significantly higher in the observation group (t=9.856, 6.974, 9.784, 16.068, 9.550, 12.506, 22.343, 16.625, 6.774, 23.469, 20.118, 23.031, all Ps<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The Guo's Liulian therapy treatment of acute pancreatitis in patients with intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction can reduce the palsy remission time, reduce inflammation, increase serum ITF, MFG-E8 levels, repair of intestinal permeability, and improve the intestinal barrier function.
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Objective To investigate the clinical research of Guo's Liulian therapy in treating acute pancreatitis intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction and provide reference for the patients with acute pancreatitis. Methods The 68 patients with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to May 2018 were selected as study subjects. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 34 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine. The patients in the observation group were treated with Guo's Liulian therapy on the basis of the above treatment. The time of intestinal paralysis was compared between the two groups. The changes of intestinal mucosal barrier function and serum inflammatory factor related indexes before and after treatment were analyzed in the two groups. The difference of therapeutic effects between the two groups was observed. Results In the observation group, the abdominal pain relief time, abdominal distention relief time, bowel sound recovery time, and first bowel anus defecation time were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=7.621, 5.332 6.625, 8.762, all Ps<0.01). After treatment, serum LPS, DAO, ET, D-lactic acid, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 and urine L/M were significantly lower in the observation group, while the serum ITF and MFG-E8 were significantly higher in the observation group (t=9.856, 6.974, 9.784, 16.068, 9.550, 12.506, 22.343, 16.625, 6.774, 23.469, 20.118, 23.031, all Ps<0.01). Conclusions The Guo's Liulian therapy treatment of acute pancreatitis in patients with intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction can reduce the palsy remission time, reduce inflammation, increase serum ITF, MFG-E8 levels, repair of intestinal permeability, and improve the intestinal barrier function.
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Aim To observe the effect of epidurally application of osthole on the model of nucleus pulposusinduced inflammatory radicular pain and the expression of p38 MAPK signaling related pathway in the spinal dorsal horn of rats.Methods The model of radicular pain was generated by putting nucleus pulposus to the L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG).50％ MWT was measured using Von Frey filaments to calculate mechanical pain threshold before and after operation.50 μL of 20 g · L-1 osthole was administered epidurally in group Ost and 50 μL of 100 mL · L-1 DMSO in group DMSO at postoperative day (POD).The expression of phosphorylated p38 (p-p38),IL-18 and IL-18R in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn was detected by Western blot.IL-18 mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR.Results The mechanical pain threshold significantly decreased after operation (P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of protein p-p38 MAPK,IL-18,IL-18R and IL-18 mRNA was significantly different.Compared with DMSO group,50％ MWT was significantly increased and accompanied with the decrease of protein p-p38,IL-18,IL-lgR and IL-18 mRNA in Ost group after drug administration (P ＜ 0.05).The correlation analysis between protein concentration of p38 MAPK and IL-18 mRNA showed that the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.9 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion p-p38 and IL-18 of spinal dorsal horn participate in the rat model with inflammatory radicular pain induced by nucleus pulposus,and IL-18R plays a role in maintenance of the pain.Osthole administered epidurally in the early stage of pain could alleviate the pain for a long time,which may be related with inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling related pathways.
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@# Objective To explore the optimal experiment conditions of CCK-8 and MTS for cell proliferation assays in human amniotic epithelial cells and to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these reagents. Methods Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) in logarithm growth stages were prepared in different cell concentrations with DMEM/F12 and 10% FBS. The sensitivity and optimal wavelengths was determined based on the optical density (OD) measured at 450 nm and 492 nm. The optimal time was determined under the conditions of the same cell concentration and defined OD values. HAECs were treated with DMSO, CCK-8 and MTS for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 4 h, respectively. 24 h later, cytotoxicity of the CCK-8 and MTS was evaluated by determination of cell proliferation and Trypan Blue staining. Results The optimal detection wavelength was 450 nm for CCK-8, and 492 nm for MTS. The sensitivity of CCK-8 was slightly lower then that of MTS. The optimal time for incubation hAECs with CCK-8 was 4 h within 1~4 h. The inhibitory on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of CCK-8 were weaker then those of MTS. Conclusion CCK-8 is a convenient reagent with low cytotoxicity for detection of the proliferation of hAECs.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the immunoregulatory effects of human amniotic mesenchymal cells (hAMCs) on allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hAMCs were isolated from abandoned human amnion. Peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBMLs) were separated from healthy donors by density gradient centrifugation. Then, PBMLs were treated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and different concentrations of hAMCs. Proliferation effect of PBMLs was tested using MTS assay, and production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha by PBMLs was detected by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>hAMCs could remarkably inhibit the lymphocytes proliferation. When the ratios of hAMCs to PBMLs were 0.05: 1, 0.10 :1, 0.20: 1, the inhibitory rates of PBMLs proliferation were 16.91%, 20.83% and 28.19%, respectively. HAMCs also decreased the production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha by PBMLs in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HAMCs could inhibit the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes and reduce secretion of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, which might be one of the mechanism for prevention and remission of transplant rejection.</p>
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Humans , Amnion , Cell Biology , Cell Proliferation , Immune Tolerance , Interferon-gamma , Lymphocyte Activation , Allergy and Immunology , Lymphocytes , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Mesoderm , Cell Biology , Phytohemagglutinins , Allergy and Immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of inducing differentiation of the human amniotic mesenchymal cells (hAMCs) into osteoblasts in vitro, so as to provide the seed cells for bone tissue engineering.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hAMCs were isolated from abandoned human amnion and cultured in osteogenic media to induce the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. After hAMCs were induced by osteogenic media for 15 days, morphological observation, immunocytochemistry and western blot were used to study the cellular morphology and expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen, osteopontin and osteocalcin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The primary cultured hAMCs had long spindle shape or irregular shape, which were distributed evenly. The cells were usually suheultured in 5 or 7 days. After subculture, the cells became larger. After cultured by osteogenic media for 15 days, the hAMCs were detected to express ALP, osteocalcin and osteopontin, and secrete type I collagen.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The hAMCs are isolated, cultured and amplified easily in vitro. The induced differentiated cells by osteogenic media have typical osteoblast morphological and functional characteristics, which can be used as seed cells for bone tissue engineering.</p>
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Humans , Amnion , Cell Biology , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Osteoblasts , Cell Biology , Osteogenesis , Tissue Engineering , MethodsABSTRACT
@#Objective To assess the effects of Rehmannia and Storesin (RS) on peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) in early hepatic encephalopathy (HE) rats. Methods CCl4 was used to induce the HE model. The benzodiazepine binding sites of PBRs in rats cortex were studied using the specific ligands [3] PK11195. Lactulose was used in the positive medicine group, and the treatment groups received different dosages of RS. Results The specific binding and the Bmax value of [3] PK11195 both significantly increased in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01). The specific binding decreased in the medium dosage group and the high dosage group than in the model group (P<0.05), and the Bmax value of [3] PK11195RS-H decreased in the high dosage group than in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Rehmannia and Storesin is effective on early HE rats by decreasing the specific binding of PBRs, which could reduce the neural injury.
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@# Objective To investigate the effects of Rehmannia and Storesin (RS) on early hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in rat model.Methods HE rat model was induced by CCl4 intragastric administration. The effects of RS on serum nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) as well as hippocampal tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) level of animals were evaluated in 3 dose groups. Lactulose was usedas the positive group. Results The serum NO and NOS as well as hippocampal TNF-α level of the model rats were significantly increasedcompared with that in control animals (P<0.01). The RS high dosage treatment could significantly decrease the levels of those indexes (P<0.01). Conclusion Rehmannia and Storesin is effective on early HE by decreasing the level of serum NO and NOS as well as hippocampalTNF-α.
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Objective To explore labeling efficiency and appropriate conditions of Superpara magnetic iron exide nanopaticles (SPIO) nanoparticles for Bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs). Methods BMSCs were aquired from skeletally mature dogs via iliac crest aspiration and separated by adherent cell cytopheresis.BMSCs were cultured and incubated with SPIO at different concentrations in vitro. The labeling efficiency of BMSCs with different labeling concentrations SPIO nanoparticles as well as detection of characteristics and signal attenuation rules were evaluated by MRI at 1.5T in vitro. Results BMSCs were efficiently labeled by SPIOin vitro and has no alterations to viability and proliferation profiles at this labeling concentration. BMSCs loaded with SPIO can be detected by MRI at certainly cell quantity in vitro(5 × 104). The quantity of SPIO in cells gradually reduced as cell culture time prolonged, with no statistically significant changes in cell death(P＞ 0.05). Conclusion The results demonstrated the potential application of SPIO as a wonderful cell tracer in vitro.
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@#ObjectiveTo evaluate the neurobiological characteristics of human histio-amniotic mesenchymal (hAMCs) and effect of hAMCs transplantation into the brain to treat Parkinson's disease(PD) modle mice.MethodsThe expressions of mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, dopaminergic neurons and markers related to neurogenesis such as Vimentin, STRO-1, nestin, CD133, β-tubulin, TH, DAT, Ngn2 and mash-1 in hAMCs were evaluated through immunocytochemical stain; and the mRNA transcriptions of neural stem cell markers, Vimentin and nestin in hAMCs were detected by RT-PCR. The PD model was induced by MPTP(i.p.) in C57BL/6 mice transplanted with hAMCs into the right striatum. The therapeutical effect of hAMCs on PD mice was evaluated by spontaneous movement, rotating bar test and the immunohistochemistry of anti-human chondrosome and TH antibodies in striatum.ResultshAMCs induced by nerve cells culture medium, expressed mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, dopaminergic neurons and other specific markers related to neurogenesis mentioned above. The frequency of spontaneous movement in PD mice was significantly increased(P<0-05), and the time of rotating bar was obviously prolonged(P<0-05) after transplantation with hAMCs.ConclusionhAMCs possess the characteristics of nerve cells after cultured in vitro and can significantly recover the damage of motor function induced by MPTP after transplantation into striatum in PD model mice.
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@#Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in central nervous system caused by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. At present, dopaminergic neurons differentiated both in vivo and in vitro from neural stem cells act as an important cell source for the cell-replacement therapy of Parkinson's disease. This paper reviewed the major molecular mechanism, signaling pathway and important environment factors involved in differentiation of dopaminergic neurons from neural stem cells, based on the research findings in recent 10 years.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Qingre Quyu Granule (清热祛瘀颗粒, QRQYG) on stabilizing vulnerable plaques in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) deficient mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two male ApoE deficient mice were given a high-fat diet from 6 weeks of age. At the 16th week, all the mice were randomized into 3 groups: the QRQYG group, the simvastatin group, and the control group. Sixteen weeks after administration of 0.9 g/kg QRQYG, 3 mg/kg simvastatin or 10 mg/kg sodium chloride per day to the respective groups, the animals were euthanized. The pathological morphologic changes in the vulnerable plaques were evaluated, the matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) expression was measured by immunohistofluorescence, the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was determined by ELISA, the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) subunit p65 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR, and, finally, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was determined by the immunohistochemical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plaque cross-sectional area in the brachiocephalic artery (23.7%, P<0.01), the lipid core of the plaque (43.1%±3.1%), and the number of buried fibrotic caps of the plaque were significantly decreased in the QRQYG group compared to the control group (both P<0.01); furthermore, the thickness of the fibrotic cap of the plaque increased and the intra-plaque hemorrhage of the plaque decreased. The serum soluble ICAM-1 (27.1±5.1 μg/mL), the protein expression of MMP-9 and TSP-1 and the p65 mRNA expression increased in the QRQYG group in comparison with the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QRQYG could stabilize the vulnerable plaque through inhibition of the inflammatory response.</p>
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Animals , Male , Mice , Apolipoproteins E , Genetics , Atherosclerosis , Pathology , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Metabolism , Pathology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 , Metabolism , Mice, Knockout , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Simvastatin , Pharmacology , Sodium Chloride , Pharmacology , Thrombospondin 1 , MetabolismABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo assess the effects of rehmannia and storesin on minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) in rat model.MethodsMHE rat model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intragastric administration. The effects of rehmannia and storesin on spontaneous movement and learning and memory function of model animals were evaluated with open field test and Morris water maze in 3 dose groups. Lactulose was used in the positive group.ResultsThe spontaneous movement and the spatial learning and memory ability of the model rats both improved significantly in the high dose group. Meanwhile, the serum level of alanine transarninase(ALT) and ammonia(Amm) also decreased in the high dose group.ConclusionRehmannia and storesin has therapeutical effect on MHE rat model.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 is related to the dysfunction of beta cells induced by fatty acids. However, whether UCP2 has similar effects on alpha cell is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UCP2 and its possible mechanisms in lipotoxicity-induced dysfunction of pancreatic alpha cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The alpha TC1-6 cells were used in this study to evaluate the effects of palmitate and/or UCP2 inhibit factors on the glucagon secretory function, glucagon content, the glucagon mRNA level and the nitrotyrosine level in the supernatant. Meantime, the expression levels of UCP2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) were measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Furthermore, the possible relationship between UCP2 and insulin signal transduction pathway was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Palmitate stimulated alpha cell glucagon secretion and the expression of UCP2 and PGC-1 alpha, which could be partially decreased by the inhibition of UCP2. Palmitate increased nitrotyrosine level and suppressed insulin signal transduction pathway in alpha cells. Inhibition of UCP2 influenced the effects of free fatty acid on alpha cells and may relate to glucagon secretion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>UCP2 played an important role on alpha cell dysfunction induced by free fatty acid in vitro, which may be related to its effects on oxidative stress and insulin signal transduction pathway.</p>
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Animals , Mice , Cells, Cultured , Glucagon , Bodily Secretions , Glucagon-Secreting Cells , Physiology , Insulin , Pharmacology , Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins , Metabolism , Ion Channels , Genetics , Physiology , Iridoid Glycosides , Pharmacology , Iridoids , Mitochondrial Proteins , Genetics , Physiology , Oxidative Stress , Palmitic Acid , Toxicity , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha , Phosphorylation , RNA, Messenger , Signal Transduction , Trans-Activators , Genetics , Physiology , Transcription Factors , Tyrosine , Metabolism , Uncoupling Protein 2ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of qingre quyu granule (QQG) for treatment of carotid vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque (CVAP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-two CHD patients with stable exertional angina, complicated with CVAP and differentiated to phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome type were randomly assigned to two groups equally, the test group treated by Western medical routine therapy combined with QQG, and the control group treated with Western medical routine therapy with placebo. Using high frequency ultrasonography, the number (complex and simple) and Crouse integral of CVAP and the intima-media membranous thickness of carotid artery were measured, and changes in serum levels of CD40L and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), liver and renal functions were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, significant improvement were shown in the test group in terms of complex plaques' number, Crouse integral, intima-media thickness and serum levels of CD40L and hs-CRP as compared with that before treatment, also with those in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). No adverse reaction was found in the treatment course.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QQG has certain stabilizing action on CVAP in patients with CHD.</p>
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carotid Arteries , Diagnostic Imaging , Coronary Disease , Diagnostic Imaging , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Plaque, Atherosclerotic , Diagnostic Imaging , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
@#Oxidative stress and mitochondria disorder are the common mechanism of neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. Melatonin (MT) level decreases with aging may be one of the reasons of the increased oxidative stress in aging people. So the neuroprotective effect of MT becomes more attractive in recent years. This paper summarized recent studies on the mechanism of melatonin on degenerative disease, including free radical scavenge, anti-apoptosis, neuroprotective effect, neurotrophic effect, anti-amyloid neurotoxicity, regulation of inflammatory reaction and cytoskeletal protein etc.
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@#Oxidative stress and mitochondria disorder are the common mechanism of neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. Melatonin (MT) level decreases with aging may be one of the reasons of the increased oxidative stress in aging people. So the neuroprotective effect of MT becomes more attractive in recent years. This paper summarized recent studies on the mechanism of melatonin on degenerative disease, including free radical scavenge, anti-apoptosis, neuroprotective effect, neurotrophic effect, anti-amyloid neurotoxicity, regulation of inflammatory reaction and cytoskeletal protein etc.
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@#ObjectiveTo characterize the neural progenitor cell in the human amnion mesenchyme and epithelial layer with specific mark proteins of neural stem cell.MethodsExpressions of specific mark proteins of neural stem cell including nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), musashi-1, vimentin and PSA-NCAM in human amnion tissue and cultured amniotic cells were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsExpressions of pluripotent neural stem cell specific makers (nestin, musashi-1, vimentin and PSA-NCAM) were detected in the human amnion mesenchyme and epithelial layer. In addition, cultured amniotic cells were expressed several neural stem cell specific markers including nestin, GFAP and PSA-NCAM. Nestin+ and GFAP+ double positive cells were identified in the human amnion tissue and cultured amniotic cells by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.ConclusionSpecific mark proteins of neural stem cell are expressed in human amnion tissue and cultured amniotic cells.